Las siglas y acrónimos de los vehículos de dos ruedasEl léxico de todos los motoristas.

this feature applies braking force to both wheels when the rider uses the brake lever (front) or the brake pedal (rear). The Electronically Linked Braking System (ELB) offers greater responsiveness and more balanced braking at front and rear. The system offers more interconnection when the rider applies harder braking, and reduces or eliminates interconnection for light, low-speed braking.

when interconnected, if you operate only the front brake lever, the system also applies an amount of braking to the rear. If you only depress the brake pedal, the system will also apply a quantity of braking to the left front caliper. The interconnected Electronic Braking System is cornering enhanced (C-ELB) and takes into account the angle of inclination of the motorcycle, or lateral acceleration on a Trike model. C-ELB modifies the distribution of braking pressure between the front and rear brakes when braking in corners, to improve the bike's ability to maintain the rider's intended trajectory.

The cornering-optimized traction control system (C-TCS) prevents excessive rear-wheel spin during acceleration, whether traveling in a straight line or around a curve, particularly on low-grip surfaces such as wet or unpaved roads. It boosts rider confidence by adapting to changes in traction and cornering angle. Offering two modes—Standard for dry surfaces and Rain for wet surfaces—it has been standard equipment on Harley-Davidson LiveWire™ and CVO™ models since 2020. It has also been available as an option on most touring models since that same year.

El sistema de frenos combinados de Honda (CBS) es un sistema de frenado combinado diseñado para mejorar la estabilidad y la seguridad mediante la distribución automática de la fuerza de frenado entre las ruedas delanteras y traseras.

A diferencia de los sistemas tradicionales en los que cada freno funciona de forma independiente, el CBS activa ambos frenos simultáneamente al accionar una única palanca o pedal. Honda dispone de dos tipos de CBS. El primero, conocido como Dual Combined Brakes (DCB), está pensado principalmente para motos deportivas de gran cilindrada. Cuando se acciona el freno delantero mediante la maneta derecha, parte de la fuerza de frenado se transfiere al trasero, y viceversa. Esta tecnología proporciona una deceleración más estable y limita los cambios en el comportamiento del vehículo, especialmente a altas velocidades. El segundo tipo, conocido simplemente como freno combinado, se utiliza principalmente en scooters y pequeñas motocicletas, simplificando el uso del frenado, sobre todo en entornos urbanos.

Este sistema es adecuado para una amplia gama de conductores, desde los principiantes hasta los más experimentados. Al optimizar la distribución de la fuerza de frenado, el CBS de las motos Honda mejora la estabilidad del vehículo y reduce el riesgo de bloqueo de las ruedas, especialmente en superficies resbaladizas como la lluvia o la grava. También ayuda a reducir las distancias de frenado, mejorando la seguridad tanto del piloto como de los pasajeros. Por último, al limitar el desgaste irregular de los neumáticos, el CBS contribuye a prolongar su vida útil.

CNC (Computer Numerical Control) technology plays a key role in the world of motorcycles by enabling the manufacture of custom parts with extreme precision. Using preprogrammed software, the “numerically controlled machine tool” controls the movement to produce components that fit perfectly, both for aesthetic and functional reasons.

Motorcycles can be equipped with CNC-machined parts. This process ensures a better fit for riders’ needs, offering unique parts that are lighter, stronger, and optimized for performance. Whether for improving style, comfort, or aerodynamics, CNC machining opens up vast possibilities for customizing and optimizing motorcycles.

El modo D de Yamaha permite a los conductores elegir entre múltiples mapas de motor, optimizando el rendimiento para diferentes condiciones de conducción. Esta tecnología mejora la versatilidad de la motocicleta, adaptándose igualmente bien a desplazamientos urbanos y terrenos exigentes. El modo D de Yamaha incluye varios modos de conducción, algunos de los cuales se pueden configurar según el modelo de motocicleta.

El modo Drive a menudo funciona en conjunto con otros sistemas de asistencia electrónica, como el control de tracción (TCS) y el ABS, para una conducción más segura y optimizada. Algunos modelos de Yamaha también permiten un ajuste más preciso, proporcionando un control preciso sobre la respuesta del acelerador y la entrega de potencia.

Entre sus ventajas, el D-Mode mejora la seguridad reduciendo el riesgo de pérdida de tracción y ofrece confort de conducción gracias a una adaptación instantánea a las condiciones. También puede influir en el consumo de combustible, permitiendo una conducción más económica dependiendo del modo seleccionado.

La Adaptación Dinámica del Chasis de BMW permite el chasis semiactivo Ofrecer dos posiciones de conducción diferentes.

- El primero tiene un ángulo de dirección plano, lo que optimiza la estabilidad de conducción gracias a un Geometría de chasis optimizada.
- La segunda posición de conducción ofrece un ajuste más firme de amortiguación, tasas de resorte más altas y una altura de manejo más alta. Al elevar la parte trasera más que la delantera se obtiene una altura de conducción más pronunciada, un ángulo de dirección más pronunciado y un recorrido más reducido, lo que hace que la motocicleta sea más fácil de dirigir y manejar.

Además, el DCA integra todas las funcionalidades ya conocidas del DSA: ajuste de la Rigidez del resorte, compensación automática de carga y dos modos Amortiguación personalizable mediante clic.

inspired by the automotive world, the gearbox is in fact made up of two half-boxes (and therefore two clutches), each handling a different ratio: one for even gears, the other for odd gears. This means that when one gear is engaged, the gears directly below and above it are already engaged in the other half. When a gear is shifted, all that remains is for the two clutches to work in reverse. With the gears already pre-engaged, shifting is quick and easy, with no jerking or loss of revs.

The Ducati Data Analyzer (DDA) is an advanced tool designed to provide an in-depth analysis of a Ducati’s performance on the track, catering to both motorcycle enthusiasts and professional riders. It collects a wide range of data to help optimize the bike’s settings and improve overall performance.

Among its key features, the DDA records and compares lap times, helping riders track their progress and identify areas for improvement. It also captures split times at strategic points on the track, providing a detailed analysis of critical sections. The tool provides speed data, measuring maximum and average speeds to better understand performance on different sections of the track. It also analyzes acceleration and braking to evaluate the effectiveness of maneuvers. Finally, it incorporates data on track conditions, such as temperature and humidity, providing essential context to refine the analysis.

The DDA allows drivers to download and analyze their data on a PC via a high-speed USB port, providing a detailed graphical visualization of performance.

The Ducati Data Analyzer (DDA) collects and analyzes essential data to evaluate the performance of a Ducati motorcycle on the track. The DDA+ GPS takes this concept even further by integrating a GPS module—a satellite-based positioning system—that allows it to record the precise racing line on the track.

With this feature, riders can view their racing lines, compare different trajectories, and analyze how their choices affect overall performance. The GPS thus adds a geospatial dimension, providing a more comprehensive analysis of riding style and track lines for those who want to maximize their potential.

BMW's Dynamic Damping Control (DDC) is a suspension management system for motorcycles that automatically adjusts the stiffness of the shock absorbers based on riding conditions and riding style. It offers several riding modes, such as "Comfort," "Normal," and "Sport," allowing riders to customize their experience.

DDC works in coordination with other safety systems, such as ABS and DTC traction control, to ensure synchronized operation. Using sensors, it reacts in real time to changes in terrain, thereby improving safety and control. Unlike its predecessor, the ESA II, the DDC uses dynamic mapping to optimize shock absorber settings, offering precise and customizable adjustments.

While riding, the DDC continuously analyzes data and adapts damping based on riding maneuvers—such as acceleration, braking, or cornering—ensuring greater stability and enhanced comfort. This system enhances driving dynamics and contributes to the joy of riding, offering an enriched experience on two wheels.

DES (Ducati Electronic Suspension) is an electronic suspension system developed by Ducati that operates using sensors and advanced electronic control. DES adjusts damping and preload settings in real time to optimize comfort, stability, and performance. Various preset configurations are available, giving riders the ability to customize settings according to their preferences.

The benefits of DES:

• Automatic adjustment: adjusts the suspension according to the selected riding mode (Sport, Touring, Urban, etc.).
• Improved handling: optimizes the suspension to enhance traction and stability, particularly when cornering and braking.
• Enhanced comfort: effectively absorbs road irregularities, reducing the impacts felt by the rider.

DES also complements models equipped with the Skyhook system (DSS Evo), which further refines the suspension’s dynamic control.

El revestimiento "Diamond Like Carbon" es un tratamiento químico de la superficie para crear un revestimiento de carbono amorfo con propiedades similares a las del diamante natural. Esto confiere un característico color negro brillante a los tubos de la horquilla.

El DLC protege contra arañazos y picaduras de piedra. La horquilla se desliza mucho mejor, sin "pegarse", lo que mejora la sensibilidad y el confort de la suspensión. Mucho más duro que el acero templado o el cromo duro, el DLC tiene además la ventaja de ser inerte: no se oxida y es muy resistente a los ácidos y las sales.

The Ducati Multimedia System (DMS) is an advanced connectivity system that allows you to connect a smartphone, a Ducati GPS, and Bluetooth headphones for a more intuitive and immersive riding experience. With this technology, the rider can make and receive calls, listen to music, and follow GPS directions directly from the motorcycle’s TFT screen.

The system integrates with the handlebar controls, allowing riders to easily manage features without taking their hands offthe handlebars, thereby enhancing safety and riding comfort, even on long trips. Compatible with several Ducati models—from the Panigale to the Multistrada and the Diavel—the DMS ensures seamless and intuitive connectivity, transforming the riding experience into a connected and optimized interaction.

DOHC (Double Overhead Camshaft), or DACT (Double Arbre à Cames en Tête), is a valve train system used in most engines. It is characterized by the presence of two overhead camshafts, one dedicated to the intake valves and the other to the exhaust valves.

This design allows for better control of valve timing, promoting improved gas flow, more efficient combustion, and higher engine speeds. The DOHC is often paired with a four-valve-per-cylinder configuration, optimizing engine efficiency and power.

This system is widely used on sport bikes, roadsters, and high-end models from brands such as Ducati, Honda, Yamaha, Kawasaki, and Suzuki, where engine performance and responsiveness are essential.

Ducati Power Launch (DPL) is a standing-start assist system designed to optimize acceleration by electronically regulating engine power and controlling the torque transmitted to the rear wheel. This system limits excessive wheel spin and prevents the front wheel from lifting too abruptly, ensuring a fast and controlled start, allowing the rider to focus solely on releasing the clutch.

The DPL typically offers several levels of intervention, allowing the rider to adjust the assistance based on traction conditions and riding style. It is particularly useful on sport bikes and high-performance models, where it improves the consistency and efficiency of race starts.

The Ducati Quick Shift (DQS) is an electronic shifter that allows the rider to shift up or down without using the clutch or closing the throttle. Inspired by racing technology, it speeds up gear changes, thereby optimizing acceleration and improving riding comfort by reducing rider effort.

This system has been standard on most Ducati models since 2011, delivering a more dynamic and high-performance experience on both the road and the track.

Daytime Running Lights (DRL) are LED lights designed to improve the visibility of motorcycles during the day, thereby enhancing rider safety. They can replace the requirement to turn on low beams, which is mandatory for all motorized two-wheelers. However, because they are not bright enough, they are not suitable for use at night.

The Ducati Riding Mode (DRM) is a riding mode selection system that allows you to adapt the motorcycle’s performance to road conditions and the rider’s preferences. Ducati offers several modes, such as "Sport," "Touring," "Rain," and "Race," each of which automatically adjusts key settings such as traction control (DTC), ABS, and throttle response. Riders can also customize these settings using various levels of intervention, providing an optimized riding experience whether for daily use, sport riding, or track riding.

Introduced with the Panigale V4, Ducati Slide Control (DSC) is an electronic riding aid developed in collaboration with Ducati Corse to control rear-wheel slide during acceleration out of corners.

Using Bosch’s six-axis inertial measurement unit (6D IMU), the system calculates the motorcycle’s side-slip angle in real time. As soon as the side slip exceeds the level set by the rider, the control unit instantly reduces engine torque by adjusting the Ride-by-Wire throttle opening, ignition timing, and fuel cut-off. Unlike traction control (DTC), which manages wheel slip along the wheel’s axis, DSC specifically manages lateral skidding. It thus allows for spectacular yet controlled drifts, without the risk of sudden loss of traction or a highside. Adjustable to two levels (Level 1 prioritizes pure performance with more pronounced slippage), this system allows you to optimize exit speed with complete confidence.

The Ducati Skyhook Suspension (DSS) is a semi-active suspension system designed to stabilize the motorcycle's ride height regardless of road conditions. Its name refers to the “skyhook” theory, an engineering concept that imagines the chassis suspended from a fixed point in the sky to remain perfectly stationary.

To bring this idea to life, the system uses several acceleration sensors mounted on the suspended (frame) and unsuspended (wheels) components, combined with data from the inertial measurement unit (IMU) and braking or acceleration inputs. By continuously monitoring these parameters, the control unit adjusts the compression and rebound damping of the Sachs components in a matter of milliseconds via electronic valves. The DSS thus significantly reduces nose-dive during braking and wheelie during acceleration, improving comfort and stability.

Available in the DSS EVO version across the Multistrada lineup, the system also adjusts the preload and automatically adapts to the selected Riding Modes (Sport, Touring, Urban, Enduro), while allowing riders to adjust the load (rider alone, with a passenger, or with luggage) to provide an optimal balance between sporty performance and long-distance comfort.

Dynamic Traction Control (DTC) is an advanced traction control system from BMW that electronically adjusts the vehicle's power output to optimize traction and stability. It reduces wheel spin on low-traction surfaces (steep terrain, mud, snow, etc.), while allowing for a certain degree of drifts for a sportier driving experience. Unlike a conventional traction control system, it balances performance and safety by maintaining active traction control even under demanding conditions.

Ducati Traction Control (DTC) is an electronic traction control system designed to optimize traction during acceleration while preventing loss of rear-wheel grip.

Originally developed in Superbike racing and later introduced as standard equipment on the 1098 R, the system has evolved significantly thanks to the integration of six-axis inertial measurement units (IMUs). In its modern versions (DTC EVO), the control unit does more than simply compare the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels: it also takes into account the motorcycle’s lean angle, roll, and drift dynamics. Using predictive algorithms, the DTC continuously assesses the permissible level of wheel slip based on the rider’s selected setting (typically adjustable across 8 levels). As soon as critical slippage is detected, the system adjusts engine torque by first controlling throttle valve opening via Ride-by-Wire, then by adjusting ignition timing and cutting off fuel injection. This precise control prevents sudden jolts, ensuring smooth acceleration and maximum stability when exiting a turn.

Now standard across the entire lineup (Panigale, Streetfighter, Multistrada, Monster), DTC allows riders to safely harness the engine’s full potential, both on the track and on the road.

Dual-CBS is an advanced evolution of the Combined Brake System (CBS) developed by Honda to optimize braking performance while improving the motorcycle's control and stability. Unlike a conventional braking system, Dual-CBS—as a “combined” or linked braking system—applies the front and rear brakes simultaneously, regardless of which control is used.

One of its main advantages is its ability to stabilize the motorcycle during braking. When the rear brake is applied, braking force is also applied to the front, but in a gradual and controlled manner, thereby limiting nose-dive and improving the motorcycle’s road grip. In addition, the risk of wheel lockup is significantly reduced thanks to optimized braking force distribution and the intervention of ABS when necessary.

First introduced on the Honda CBR1000F in 1993, Dual-CBS was designed to maximize safety by delaying wheel lockup, which preserves control of the vehicle and significantly reduces stopping distances. By providing better stability and a smoother braking feel, this system not only improves safety but also enhances the riding experience.

The Ducati Vehicle Observer (DVO) is a predictive algorithm developed by Ducati Corse, derived directly from MotoGP and Superbike racing prototypes.

Unlike conventional electronic aids, which react only after detecting a slide or wheelie, the DVO models the motorcycle’s overall dynamics in real time. By combining data from the inertial measurement unit (IMU) and dozens of sensors, this virtual twin estimates physical quantities that cannot be measured directly, such as the vertical forces acting on the tires, the actual level of traction, or the maximum torque tolerated by the chassis.

This high-precision data feeds control systems—such as traction control (DTC), wheelie control (DWC), and launch control (DPL)—to enable them to intervene proactively. Instead of abruptly correcting a drift, the electronics continuously refine their response thresholds, ensuring optimal acceleration and predictable handling. First introduced on the Panigale V4 before being adopted by the Streetfighter and Multistrada lineups, the DVO pushes the limits of riding.

Ducati Wheelie Control (DWC) is an electronic system designed to manage and control wheelies in order to optimize acceleration while ensuring the motorcycle’s stability and safety. It uses the IMU (inertial measurement unit) to analyze changes in lean angle and the rate at which the front wheel lifts in real time. If the lean angle exceeds a preset threshold, the system adjusts engine torque and power output to maintain optimal balance. Some models also factor in the lean angle into their calculations, allowing for more precise adaptation based on riding conditions.